Essential knee terminology
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- B-PT-B search for term
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B-PT-B is an abbreviation for 'bone patellar-tendon bone'.
- Baker's cyst search for term
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A Baker's cyst is a tense fluid-filled swelling at the back of the knee which is secondary to increased pressure of joint fluid inside the knee.
- BASEM search for term
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Abbreviation for 'British Association of Sport and Exercise Medicine'.
- BASK search for term
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BASK is an abbreviation for 'British Association for Surgery of the Knee'.
- Bi-partite search for term
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'Bi-partite' means 'in two parts', and in the knee world usually refers to a kneecap (patella) which is in two parts - a bi-partite patella.
- Biceps femoris search for term
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The biceps femoris is the big muscle at the back of the thigh.
- Biceps femoris tendinitis search for term
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Biceps femoris tendinitis is an overuse disorder of the biceps femoris tendon, leading to pain and tenderness in the hamstrings at the back of the knee.
- Bicompartmental search for term
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Bicompartmental means involving two of the three compartments of the knee.
- Bilateral osteotomy search for term
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Bilateral osteotomy is when an osteotomy is performed on both limbs.
- Bio-degradable search for term
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A bio-degradable material is one that is naturally broken down over a period of time and absorbed by the body.
- Biodegradable search for term
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Biodegradable means able to be broken down by the body.
- Biodex search for term
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Biodex is a trade name for a particular 'isokinetic' machine used both to measure knee function and for knee rehabilitation.
- Bioengineer search for term
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A bioengineer is a professional engineer whose work relates to living tissues.
- Bioengineered scaffolds search for term
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Bioengineered scaffolds are engineered structures designed to encourage the ingrowth of living cells and be implanted into the body.
- Bioengineering search for term
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Bioengineering is the profession involving applying engineering principles to living tissues.
- Biologic search for term
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A 'biologic' is an intervention that relies on the the body's power to repair tissues, rather than relying on metal or plastic.
- Biologic Knee Replacement search for term
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Restoring function to a damaged knee by encouraging tissues to heal, or repairing or reconstructing with natural materials, as opposed to artificial materials.
- Biologic replacement search for term
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Biologic replacement implies the replacing of a piece of damaged body tissue with a living alternative, rather than something synthetic.
- Biologic resurfacing search for term
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Biologic resurfacing is restoring a damaged joint surface using a biological technique rather than metal or plastic.
- Biological scaffold search for term
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Biological scaffolds are derived via tissue engineering from matrix materials that normally support the cells of various tissues of the body.
- Biological scaffolds search for term
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A biological scaffold is a matrix derived from naturally ocurring tissues upon which cells can grow to replace damaged ones.
- Biologics search for term
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Biologics is a 'catch-all' term for regenerative interventions that rely on the body's ability to repair and restore tissues, rather than using manufactured products like metal or plastic.
- Biomechanical search for term
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Biomechanical means related to the mechanical movement of the body parts.
- Biopsy search for term
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A biopsy is the surgical procedure where a piece of tissue from the body is cut off and then examined in the laboratory.
- Blastocyst search for term
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A blastocyst is an early-stage embryo that resembles a fluid-filled ball, with cells forming the outer wall and an inner cell mass like a bunch of grapes attached to it on the inside.
- Blumensaat's line search for term
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Blumensaat's line is a linear shadow on lateral radiographs of the knee that corresponds to the roof of the intercondylar notch between the two rounded condyles of the femur.
- BMAC search for term
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BMAC is an abbreviation for bone marrow aspirate concentrate.
- BMI search for term
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BMI is an abbreviation for 'body mass index'.
- Body mass index search for term
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Body mass index (BMI) is a ratio of a person's weight to height that has been recognised by the US National Institutes of Health (NIH) and The World Health Organisation as a measure of obesity.
- Bone cement search for term
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Bone cement is a polymethyl methacrylate mix that is used to fix objects like knee replacements to bone.
- Bone contusion search for term
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A bone contusion is a bone bruise.
- Bone graft search for term
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A bone graft is a transplant of a piece of bone, which can be either from the patient or a donor.
- Bone marrow search for term
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Bone marrow is the soft tissue inside bone, containing cells that form new blood cells and other tissues.
- Bone marrow aspirate concentrate search for term
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Bone marrow aspirate concentrate is an aspirate of bone marrow which has been centrifuged to isolate its cellular components in distinct layers.
- Bone marrow derived stem cells search for term
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Bone marrow derived stem cells are cells harvested from bone marrow - and have the potential to develop into multiple tissue types.
- Bone marrow oedema search for term
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Bone marrow oedema is an area of density change on MRI in a region of bone marrow.
- Bone patellar-tendon bone search for term
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A bone patellar-tendon bone graft is the gold standard for replacement of a torn cruciate ligament in the knee, where a part of the patellar tendon is used as the graft material.
- Bone scan search for term
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Bone scans detect abnormalities of the insides of bones, such as osteoporosis, stress fractures (breaks) or tumours (growths).
- Bone spur search for term
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Bone spurs (or osteophytes) are small, irregular bony outgrowths from the edges of a joint surface.
- Bone wedge search for term
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A bone wedge is a wedge-shaped piece of bone, generally either removed or inserted during an osteotomy.
- Bone-on-bone search for term
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Bone-on-bone is a term used when joint and meniscus cartilage of the tibiofemoral joint are worn down so much that - instead of nice shiny opposing joint surfaces - exposed bone is grating on exposed bone.
- Bow legs search for term
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In bow legs the knees do not touch when standing or walking.
- Bowstringing search for term
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A membrane catching over a moving area, eg a plica catching on the rounded end of the femur.
- Brace search for term
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A brace for the knee is a constraint of knee movement, usually made of fabric and plastic and/or metal.
- British Association for Surgery of the Knee search for term
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The British Association for Surgery of the Knee is a professional association for British orthopaedic surgeons with a special interest in the knee. Most British knee surgeons will belong to this organisation.
- British Association of Sport and Exercise Medicine search for term
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The British Association of Sport and Exercise Medicine was founded in 1953, and is the oldest Sport and Exercise Medicine Association in the United Kingdom.
- BTB search for term
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BTB is an abbreviation of bone-tendon-bone, and refers to a ligament graft where each end of the harvested graft is attached to bone.
- Bucket-handle tear search for term
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A bucket-handle tear is a special kind of displaced circumferential tear of the meniscus, where the free bit flips over like the handle of a bucket.
- Bursa search for term
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A bursa is a lubricated sac or pocket that exists within mobile tissues to facilitate a limb's movement.
- Bursitis search for term
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Bursitis is inflammation of a bursa, a lubricated pouch or sac in regions where there is a lot of movement between muscles and bone.
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