Yes the knee has had a bigger trauma due to the clean up of the bone as well as the meniscus trim. Although cartilage itself doesn’t have nerve endings, the bone underneath does and that’s what hurts in arthritis due to lack of cover and the pressure
10 days is v soon after knee surgery and in a knee that sounds quite damaged, it’ll in reality probably hurt for a few months. That’s if the clean up really helps. There’s little evidence that the benefit is generally temporary in a badly arthritic knee
The meniscus tear will be due to the arthritis probably too
How old are you?
Use ice, elevation above the heart and pain meds as well as gentle physio especially while you heal from the trauma of surgery. Despite the little holes, keyhole surgery is never benign especially as we get older. When elevating support calf and ankle, not under the knee, you’ll need to keep it straight to get the extension back
Good luck, it’ll get better but will certainly take s few weeks at least until the pain reduces
