Dr Kevin Robert Stone

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Stone, Kevin Robert

Knee Surgeon

Degrees:

Particular Expertise:

Meniscal transplantation, ACL reconstruction, Articular cartilage restoration

Kevin Robert Stone, M.D. is an orthopedic surgeon, who specializes in sports medicine and injuries of the knee, shoulder, and ankle joints. He has lectured and is recognized internationally as an authority on cartilage and meniscal growth, replacement, and repair. Stone is known for his development of the paste grafting surgical technique in 1991, combined with meniscus replacement, which are biologic joint replacement procedures for the regeneration of the knee joint. Dr. Stone’s invention of a collagen meniscus implant over twenty years ago recently received FDA approval and he implanted his invention into the first patients in July 2009. He has, since, taught these techniques to surgeons in the US and worldwide. He is the founder and chairman of the Stone Research Foundation for Sports Medicine and Arthritis, a center that conducts research in advanced surgical techniques and tissue regeneration in San Francisco, California. This research has led to advancements in cartilage replacement and regeneration, cruciate ligament repair and reconstruction, and techniques to prevent osteoarthritic degeneration. He holds more than 50 U.S. patents on healthcare inventions.

Profile

Location

The Stone Clinic. Orthopaedic Surgery, Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation

3727 Buchanan Street

94123 San Francisco , CA

United States

Phone: +1-415-563-3110

Fax: +1-415-563-3301

37° 48' 15.6528" N, 122° 26' 1.7448" W

Contributions

Video - Meniscus cartilage replacement for arthritis

Dr Stone gives an explanation of how both types of knee cartilage are involved in arthritis and biologic knee replacement.

Video - The paste graft technique

Dr Kevin Stone explains how microfracture and paste-grafting are combined to replace a damaged joint surface.

Osteotomy as an adjunct procedure to biologic knee replacement

Dr Stone explains how bad biodynamics can accelerate joint damage, and how an osteotomy can slow the rate of destruction of the knee.

Options for damaged knee ligaments in biologic knee replacement

Restoring stability is an important part of biological knee replacement.

Partial meniscectomy, meniscal repair, reconstruction or replacement

Dr Kevin Stone discusses the options available to patient and surgeon for restoring knee function when there is a damaged knee meniscus.

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Experience:

Dr Stone was educated at Harvard College and earned his M.D. at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. He trained in Internal Medicine at Harvard's Beth Israel Hospital, General Surgery at the Stanford University Medical Center, and Orthopaedic Surgery at the Harvard University Combined Orthopaedic Residency Program in Boston. His training also includes a Knee Surgery and Sports Medicine Fellowship and a visiting Research Fellowship at the Hospital for Special Surgery in New York.

CV:

Professional experience:

PRESENT APPOINTMENTS

Orthopaedic Surgeon (private practice) 1988-

The Stone Clinic San Francisco, CA

Chairman and CEO 1999-

Joint Juice, Inc. San Francisco, CA

Founding Scientist, Chairman & CEO 1996-

CrossCart, Inc. San Francisco, CA

Chairman and Founder 1996-

The Stone Foundation for Sports Medicine and Arthritis Research

San Francisco, CA.

Attending Staff 1988-

California Pacific Medical Center San Francisco, CA

Attending Staff 1989-

San Francisco Surgery Center San Francisco, CA

Scientist 1989-

Medical Research Institute of San Francisco at California Pacific Medical Center San Francisco, CA

Founding Scientist 1984 -1994 ReGen Biologics, Inc. San Francisco, CA

CERTIFICATIONS

Qualified Medical Examiner 1994 - 2000

American Board of Orthopaedic Surgery Board Certified July, 1991

Re-Certified July, 2001

FELLOWSHIPS

Fellow in Knee Surgery and Sports Medicine 1986-1987

Under J. Richard Steadman, M.D.

Visiting Research Fellow 1986 Hospital for Special Surgery Laboratory of Comparative Anatomy, NY

Under Steven P. Arnoczky, D.V.M.

RESIDENCY

Resident 1983-1986

Combined Orthopaedic Residency Program

Harvard University

Resident 1982-1983

Department of Surgery

Stanford University Hospital

Intern 1981-1982

Department of Medicine

Boston's Beth Israel Hospital

EDUCATION

The University of North Carolina School of Medicine 1977-1981

Earned M.D. with honors in medicine and surgery clerkships. Received honors in orthopaedics, general surgery, cardiology, anesthesiology, and dermatology sub-specialty electives. President of the third year Medical Class of 1981.

Harvard College 1973-1977

Earned A.B. degree, Cum Laude, with Biology concentration. Captain of the House Crew Rowing in the Royal Henley Regatta, Henley, England. Member, Harvard Polo Club. Rowed heavyweight crew.

RESEARCH

CrossCart, Inc. 1996-

Xenograft ligament cartilage, bone, and tendon transplantation.

The Stone Foundation

7-Year Follow-Up of Collagen Meniscus Implantation 2001

Glucosamine and Cartilage Repair – 2001

Meniscal Allograft Replacement Study 1997-

Open Wedge Osteotomy Study 1997-

Epidemiology of Baker's Cysts 1995

Articular Cartilage Paste Grafting to Traumatic and Arthritic Knee Joint Defects 1991-

Comparison of ACL Reconstruction to ACL Repair 1990-

California Pacific Medical Center Research Institute 1994

Intervertebral disc nucleus replacement using a collagen scaffold.

Hospital for Joint Diseases 1993

Collaborative research, prosthetic intervertebral disc biomechanics.

University of Iowa, Bone Healing Laboratory 1993

Collaborative research on suture anchor design and testing with Drs. Joy Baker and James Nepola.

University of Iowa, Bone Healing Laboratory 1993

Collaborative research on intervertebral disc replacement in the canine spine with Drs. Joy Baker, Vijay Goel, and James Weinstein.

University of Michigan and University of Pittsburgh, Cleveland Clinic 1993

Collaborative research on histology, biomechanics and biochemistry of a collagen meniscal implant for meniscal cartilage regeneration with Drs. Steven Arnoczky, Savio Woo, and Cahir McDevitt.

California Advanced Imaging 1992

3-D MRI volume sizing of meniscal cartilage with Dr. David Stoller.

Medical Research Institute of San Francisco 1992

Soft tissue augmentation.

ReGen Biologics, The Stone Clinic, Medical Research Institute of San Francisco 1989-1995

FDA-approved human feasibility study of a collagen meniscus implant.

Letterman Army Institute of Research 1987-1991

Meniscal cartilage regeneration. Intevertebral Disc Replacement.

Hospital for Special Surgery 1986

Meniscal cartilage biology. Meniscal transplantation and techniques of preservation.

Harvard Combined Orthopaedic Residency 1984-1986

Oxygenation patterns and vascular anatomy of intra-articular structures.

Harvard School of Public Health 1976-1977

Carbon monoxide induced arteriosclerosis under J. Spengler.

Harvard Medical School 1974-1976

High altitude human physiology under Dr. Ross McFarland.

AWARDS

Cabaud Award 1990

"Meniscal Regeneration Using Co-Polymeric Collagen Scaffolds."

The American Orthopaedic Society for Sports Medicine

The Individual Orthopaedic Instruction Top Videotape of 1990

"Anterior Cruciate Ligament and Knee Rehabilitation."

American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons

The Albert Trillat Young Investigator's Award 1989

"Replacement of the Meniscus: Original Investigation in Meniscal Regeneration and a Review."

International Society of the Knee

Resident's Essay Award 1987

"Ligament and Tendon Oxygenation Measurements Using Polarographic Oxygen Sensors." Arthroscopy Association of North America

APPOINTMENTS

Alonzo King's Lines Ballet, Company Physician 1998-

The Marin Ballet, Company Physician 1998-

Lawrence Pech Dance Company, Company Physician 1996-

Old Blues Rugby, Team Physician 1996

Berkeley Women's Rugby, Team Physician 1995

Smuins Ballet/SF, Company Physician 1994-

Sutter Street Surgery Center, Secretary, Executive Committee 1994-1995

United States Olympic Training Center, Orthopaedic Surgeon Volunteer 1994

Sutter Street Surgery Center, Quality Assurance Committee 1993-1994

United States Modern Pentathlon, Physician 1990

Professional Ski Tour, Physician 1989-1996

International Winter Special Olympics, Physician 1989

United States Ski Team, Orthopaedic Surgeon 1988-2000

National Institutes of Health, SBIR Grant Review Board 1987

GRANTS

"Pig Articular Cartilage as Xenograft." (NIH-SBIR) Award # 1R43 AR45321-01, 1998.

"Evaluation of a Resorbable Collagen Template for Meniscal Regeneration." Small Business Innovative Research Grant (NIH-SBIR), 1994-1995.

"Intervertebral Disc Replacements in Goats." Letterman Army Institute of Research, Research Support, 1990.

"Studies of the Effect of TGF-B on Meniscal Fibrochondrocytes Grown in Co-polymeric Collagen Based Scaffolds." Letterman Army Institute of Research, Research Support, 1989 - 1992.

"Prosthetic Meniscal Replacement in the Canine Stifle." Medical Research Institute of San Francisco. New Scientist Support, 1989-1992.

"Replacement of Meniscal Cartilage with a Biosynthetic Scaffold in Dogs." Letterman Army Institute of Research. Research Support, 1988-1992.

"Electrical Muscle Stimulation for the Prevention of Post-Operative Upper Leg Atrophy." EMPI Research Grant, 1987.

"Replacement of Meniscal Cartilage with a Biosynthetic Scaffold in Pigs." Letterman Army Institute of Research. Research Support, 1987.

PATENTS

"Anterior Cruciate Ligament Xenografts." US Patent 6,402,783. Issued June 11, 2002.

"Food Supplement Containing A Cartilage Supplement." US Patent 6,391,864. Issued

May 21, 2002.

"Method of Prepairng Xenograft Heart Valves." US Patent 6,383,732. Issued May 7, 2002.

"Proteoglycan-Reduced Soft Tissue Xenografts." US Patent 6,267,786. Issued July 31, 2001.

"Aldehyde and Glycosaidase-Treated Soft and Bone Tissue Xenografts." US Patent 6,231,608. Issued May 15, 2001."Anterior Cruciate Ligament Xenografts." US Patent # 6,210,440. Issued April 3, 2001.

"Suture Anchor Assembly." US Patent 6,139,565. Issued October 31, 2000.

"Method and Paste for Articular Cartilage Transplantation." US Patent # 6,110,209. Issued August 29, 2000.

"Anterior Cruciate Ligament Xenografts." US Patent # 6,110,206. Issued August 29, 2000.

"Meniscal Heterografts." US Patent # 6,093,204. Issued July 25, 2000.

"Anterior Cruciate Ligament Heterograft." US Patent # 6,063,120. Issued May 16, 2000.

"Articular Cartilage Xenographs." US Patent # 6,049,025. Issued April 11, 2000.

"Meniscal Xenografts." US Patent # 6,046,379. Issued April 4, 2000.

"Meniscal Augmentation Device." US Patent # 6,042,610. Issued March 28, 2000.

"Osteotomy Wedge Device, Kit and Methods for Realignment of a Varus Angulated Knee." US Patent # 6,008,433. Issued December 28, 1999.

"Meniscal Xenografts." US Patent # 5,984,858. Issued November 16, 1999.

"Method and Paste for Articular Cartilage Transplantation." US Patent # 5, 964,805. Issued October 12, 1999.

"Articular Cartilage Surface Shaping Apparatus and Method." US Patent # 5,964,752. Issued October 12, 1999.

"Articular Cartilage Xenografts." US Patent # 5,944,755. Issued August 31, 1999.

"Articular Cartilage Heterografts." US Patent # 5,922,027. Issued July 13, 1999.

"Articular Cartilage Transplant Instrument Set." US Patent # 5,921,987. Issued July 13, 1999.

"Substantially Native Meniscal Cartilage Heterografts." US Patent # 5,913,900. Issued

June 22, 1999.

"Anterior Cruciate Ligament Heterograft." US Patent # 5,902,338. Issued May 11, 1999.

"Technique for Osteocartilaginous Transplantation in a Mammalian Joint." US Patent

# 5,881,733. Issued March 16, 1999.

"Meniscal Heterografts." US Patent # 5,865,849. Issued February 2, 1999.

"Suture Anchor Assembly." US Patent # 5,824,011. Issued October 20, 1998.

Publications

Publications:

PUBLICATIONS

""Comprehensive Sports Injury Management."" Taylor J, Stone KR, Mullin M, Ellenbecker T, Walgenbach A. In Press.

""Articular Cartilage Repair—The Paste Graft Technique."" Stone KR. Surgery of the Knee-Third Edition, Insall JN, Scott WN, 2001.

"" Meniscus Regeneration by Collagen Meniscus Scaffolding."" Stone KR. Surgery of the Knee-Third Edition, Insall JN, Scott WN, 2001.

"" New Techniques for Cartilage Repair and Replacement."" Stone KR, Mullin MJ, Knee Ligament Rehabilitation, Ellenbecker TS, June, 2000.

""Kinematic MRI: Evaluation of the Effect of Bracing on Patellar Positions: Qualitative Assessment Using an Extremity MR System."" Shellock FG, Mullin MJ, Stone KR, Coleman M, Crues JV, Journal of Athletic Training, February, 2000.

""Extremity MR System: Subjective Perceptions of MRI Examinations."" Shellock FG, Stone, KR, Resnick D, Peterfy CG, Crues JV, Signals, SMRT, January, 2000.

""Determination of Chondral Lesions Using a 0.2 Tesla Extremity MR System: Diagnostic Findings Compared to Arthroscopy."" Shellock FG, Walgenbach A, Stone K, Crues JV. Radiology, 214:P07H, 2000.

""Current and Future Directions for Meniscus Repair and Replacement."" Stone KR, Clinical Orthopaedics, 367:S273-280, October, 1999.

""Development and Clinical Application of Kinematic MRI of the Patellofemoral Joint Using An Extremity MR System."" Shellock FG, Stone KR, Crues JV, Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 31:788-791, 1999.

""Evaluation of the Knee Using an Extremity MRI System: Diagnostic Findings Compared to Arthrocopy."" Shellock FG, Stone K, Crues JV, Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise. 30:S123, 1998.

""Articular Cartilage Paste Grafting: Surgical Techniques and Initial Results."" Stone KR, Walgenbach AW, Journal of Sports Traumatology and Related Research, Vol. 20, No. 2, 1998.

""Porcine Cartilage Transplants in Cynomolgus Monkey: III.Transplantation of Alpha Galactosidase Treated Porcine Cartilage."" Stone KR, Ayala G, Goldstein J, Hurst R, Walgenbach AW, Galili U, Transplantation, Vol. 65, No. 12, pg. 1577-1583, June 27, 1998.

""Regeneration of Meniscal Cartilage With Use of a Collagen Scaffold."" Stone KR, Steadman JR, Rodkey WG, Li ST, Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery, Vol. 79-A, No. 12, December, 1997.

""Porcine and Bovine Cartilage Transplants in Cynomolgus Monkey: II.Changes in Anti-Gal Response During Chronic Rejection."" Galili U, LaTemple DC, Walgenbach AW, Stone KR, Transplantation, Vol. 63, No. 5, pg. 646-651, March 15, 1997.

""Porcine and Bovine Cartilage Transplants In Cynomolgus Monkey: I. A Model for Chronic Xenograft Rejection."" Stone KR, Walgenbach AW, Abrams JT, Nelson J, Gillett N, Galili U, Transplantation, Vol. 63, No. 5, pg. 640-645, March 15, 1997.

""Surgical Technique and Results for Articular Cartilage Transplantation to Traumatic and Arthritic Defects in the Knee Joint."" Stone KR, Walgenbach AW, Operative Techniques in Orthopaedics, Vol. 7, No. 4, pg. 305-311, October 1997.

""Arthroscopic Meniscal Scaffolding and Meniscal Reconstruction Using the Collagen Meniscus Implant."" Stone KR, Steadman JR, Rodkey WG, Li, ST, Reconstruction of The Knee Joint, Eds.):105-106, 1997.

""Meniscus Replacement."" Stone KR, Clinics in Sports Medicine, Vol. 15, No 3, pg. 557-571, July, 1996.

""Autogenous Replacement of the Meniscus Cartilage: Analysis of Results and Mechanisms of Failure."" Stone KR, Rodkey WG, McKinney LA, Webber RJ, Steadman JR, Journal of Arthroscopy & Related Surgery, Vol. 2, No. 4, August, 1995.

""Evaluation of a New Hemostatic Agent in Experimental Splenic Laceration."" Horton JW, Garcia NM, Stone KR, Archives of Surgery, Vol. 130, pg. 161-164 February, 1995.

""3-D MRI Volume Sizing of Knee Meniscus Cartilage."" Stone KR, Stoller DW, Irving SG, Elmquist C, Gildengorin G, Arthroscopy: The Journal of Arthoscopic and Related Surgery, 10 (6):641-644, 1994.

""Replacement of the Irreparably Injured Meniscus."" Rodkey WG, Stone KR, Steadman JR, Sports Medicine and Arthroscopy Review, Vol. 1, No. 2, pg. 168-176, 1993.

""Surgical Technique of Meniscal Replacement."" Stone KR, Arthroscopy: The Journal of Arthroscopic & Related Surgery, Vol 9, pg. 234-237, April, 1993.

""Prosthetic Meniscal Replacement."" Rodkey WG, Stone KR, Steadman JR, Biology and Biomechanics of the Traumatized Synovial Joint: The Knee as a Model, Pg. 161-164, February, 1993.

""Rigenerazione Meniscale Indotta da Scaffolds di Collagene Co-polimerico."" Stone KR, Rodkey WG, Webber RJ, McKinney L, Steadman JR, Artroscopia & Ginocchio, Vol 1/n. 1: 85-105, 1993.

""Development of a Prosthetic Meniscal Replacement."" Stone KR, Rodkey WG, Webber RJ, McKinney L, Steadman JR. Knee Meniscus: Basic and Clinical Foundations. Mow, VC, ed. New York: Raven Press, 165-173, 1992.

""Meniscal Regeneration With a Co-polymeric Collagen Scaffold."" Stone KR, Rodkey WG, Webber RJ, McKinney L, Steadman JR, The American Journal of Sports Medicine, Vol. 20, No. 2: 104-111, 1992.""Meniscus Replacement."" Stone KR, Clinics in Sports Medicine, Vol. 15, No 3, pg. 557-571, July, 1996.

""Strengthening and Skiing on the Aging Knee."" Stone, KR, Potts, CR, The Professional Skier, Winter One 1991-92.

""The Excruciating Cruciate."" Stone KR, Potts CR, Men's Fitness, January, 1992.

""Changes in Knee Stability After Bone-Patellar Tendon-Bone Graft Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction and Iliotibial Band Tenodesis."" Paschal SO, Stone KR, Steadman JR, The American Journal of Knee Surgery, 4(4):173-185, Fall, 1991.

""Future Directions: Collagen Based Prostheses for Meniscal Regeneration."" Stone KR, Rodkey WG, Steadman JR, Webber RJ, McKinney, L, In symposium Newest Knowledge of the Knee Joint Meniscus, Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research, Volume 252, pg.129-135, March, 1990.

""The Ankle Joint: Ankle Ligament Injuries."" Stone KR, Potts C, The Professional Skier, 3:14, Winter, 1990.

""The Knee Joint Meniscus Cartilage: Injury and Prevention."" Stone KR, The Professional Skier, 1: 54-56, Winter, 1989.

""The Knee Joint Anterior Cruciate Ligament: Injury and Prevention."" Stone KR, The Professional Skier, 3: 48-49, Winter, 1989.

""Understanding the Knee Joint Meniscus."" Stone KR, Pacific Med Views, 6(3): 2-3, Fall, 1989.

""Understanding the Meniscus."" Stone KR, American Ski Coach, September, 1987.

""Ligament and Tendon Oxygenation Measurements Using Polarographic Oxygen Sensors."" Stone KR, Bowman HF, Boland A, Steadman JR, Arthroscopy: The Journal of Arthroscopic and Related Surgery, 3(3):187-195, 1987.

""The Pre-Sports Physical: Only the First Step."" Micheli LJ, Stone KR, The Journal of Musculoskeletal Medicine, May, 1984.

""Primary Hepatocellular Carcinoma Following Non-A, Non-B Post-Transfusion Hepatitis."" Resnick RH, Stone KR, Antonioli D, Digestive Diseases and Sciences, Vol. 28, No. 10, October, 1983.

""High Carbon Monoxide Levels Measured in Enclosed Skating Rinks."" Spengler JD, Stone KR, Lilley FW, J. Air Pollution Control Assoc., Vol. 28, No. 8, p. 776-779, August, 1978.

INSTRUCTIONAL VIDEOTAPES

""The Three Tunnel Technique of Meniscal Allografting."" November, 1999. Presented at ISAKOS, Montreaux, Switzerland, 2001.

""Articular Cartilage Paste Grafting, 2-7 year follow-up."" November, 1999.

""Anterior Cruciate Ligament and Knee Rehabilitation for the 1990's."" American Academy of

Orthopaedic Surgeons Videotape Library 1992.

""Anterior Cruciate Ligament and Knee Rehabilitation."" American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons Videotape Library 1990.

ABSTRACTS

""Surgical Technique of Meniscal Replacement In Arthritic Knee."" Kevin R. Stone, MD, Ann W Walgenbach, RNNP, 2001 ISAKOS Biennial Congress, Montreaux, Switzerland, May 14-18, 2001.

""Biological Knee Replacement with Articular Cartilage Paste Graft, Meniscal Allograft and Opening Wedge Osteotomy."" Kevin R. Stone, MD, Ann W Walgenbach, RNNP, Australian Knee Society Annual Scientific Meeting, Hobart, Australia, October 8-13, 2000.

""Xenograft ACL Device Development."" Kevin R. Stone, MD, Ann W Walgenbach, RNNP, Thomas J Turek, Winston Wicomb, Uri Galili, Australian Knee Society Annual Scientific Meeting, Hobart, Australia, October 8-13, 2000.

""Xenograft Ligament Reconstruction."" Kevin R. Stone, MD, Ann W Walgenbach, RNNP, ACL Study Group 2000 Meeting. Rhodes, Greece, May 20-26, 2000.

""Articular Cartilage Paste Grafting to Arthritic and Traumatic Knee Joint Lesions: Two to Seven Year Follow-Up."" International Society of Arthroscopy, Knee Surgery, and Orthopaedic Sports Medicine Biennial Congress. Washington, DC, May 29-June 2, 1999.

""Treatment of Severely Damaged Articular Surface with Articular Cartilage Paste Graft, Meniscal Allograft, and Opening Wedge Osteotomy."" Arthroscopy Association of America 18th Annual Meeting. Vancouver, British Columbia, April 15-18, 1999.

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