The Knee Learning Resource
The medial patello-femoral ligament is a small but important ligament stretching from the inner aspect of the patella (knee cap) to the femur bone.
It acts as a passive restraint, helping to keep the patella properly aligned. It has an anatomical relationship, too, with the important VMO muscle (part of the quadriceps), and tearing the medial patello-femoral ligament makes the VMO incompetent.
The MPFL is a primary restraint, and it is important to consider when there is recurrent dislocation of the patella, although other anatomical structures need also to be assessed, such as 'trochlear dysplasia' and 'patella alta'.
In reconstruction of the MPFL, there are several options for the type of graft:
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