The Knee Learning Resource
'Gon' means 'knee'. 'Arthrosis' means 'disorder of the joint'. Gonarthrosis thus means a disorder of the knee joint, generally inferring early joint surface damage of any kind, while 'gonarthritis' infers more advanced arthritic destruction.
It is a bit of an old-fashioned term.
In most cases joint surface damage starts with damage to the overlying cartilage or gristle. This is known as 'chondrosis'. Chondromalacia is a form of chondrosis.
As damage penetrates more deeply into the surface layers of bone (sub-chondral bone), the damage is then referred to as 'arthrosis'.
Arthrosis becomes arthritis when:
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