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Genu varum

The word 'genu' means 'knee'. Genu varum means 'bow knees' or 'bow-legs'. Varus means the same but is an adjective, eg varus deformity, varus force.

Developmental genu varum in children

Bow legs are common in toddlers before the age of 4 years. Most kids simply grow out of it and no treatment is usually necessary.

Adult genu valgum

Bowing may develop later in life, as arthritis breaks down the inner (medial) aspect of the knee joint, often due to a meniscus having been removed some years earlier ('medial compartment' arthritis).

In countries where diet and health may be poor, bow legs may also occur from such things as scurvy.